An individual with Type 2 diabetes displays sustained hyperglycemia despite increased insulin levels. Which signaling defect most likely explains this phenomenon?

💡 Explanation

Insulin resistance decreases GLUT4 translocation, impairing glucose uptake by cells, because cells fail to respond adequately to insulin signals. Therefore, hyperglycemia persists despite high insulin, rather than increased receptor internalization, beta-cell production, or increased glycogen synthesis.

• Which mechanism explains why fertilization is blocked in individuals with severe cystic fibrosis affecting the vas deferens?
• If a patient's liver develops cirrhosis due to chronic hepatitis C, which consequence follows regarding blood flow?
• What distinguishes why beta-blockers sometimes fail to adequately control blood pressure in elderly patients with hypertension, compared to younger individuals?
• If intraocular pressure rises sharply due to blocked drainage, what happens to the optic nerve, explaining why visual field defects initially spare central vision?
• If a patient's liver function is severely impaired, which consequence follows regarding thyroid hormone regulation?
• If a patient develops a rare genetic disorder preventing keratinocyte differentiation in the epidermis, which consequence is most likely?