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← ScienceWhich mechanism causes dielectric breakdown in high-voltage ceramic capacitors under extreme temperature gradients?
A)Electrostriction inducing mechanical stress✓
B)Piezoelectricity causing charge accumulation
C)Pyroelectricity generating excess current
D)Ferroelectricity triggering spontaneous polarization
💡 Explanation
When under a large temperature gradient, electrostriction occurs because the ceramic material experiences uneven expansion and contraction, inducing mechanical stress. Therefore, electrostriction induces mechanical stress rather than piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity or ferroelectricity which would require dissimilar conditions/mechanisms.
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