Which outcome is caused by disruption of ion channel regulation during arousal from mammalian hibernation?

💡 Explanation

When arousal from hibernation is initiated, altered ion channel regulation causes imbalances in ionic gradients, particularly K+ and Na+, because temperature sensitivity of ion channels changes, leading to erratic cardiac muscle depolarization. Therefore cardiac arrhythmias occur, rather than edema, failure, or hypoxia which involve distinct mechanisms related to fluid dynamics and oxygen transport.

• Which developmental outcome results from the ablation of imaginal discs during larval stages of holometabolous insects?
• Which risk increases when persistent drought limits water availability in C4 plants?
• Which outcome occurs when the swim bladder of a bony fish rapidly expands during ascent?
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