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← ScienceWhich outcome occurs when a Carnot heat engine operates with its hot reservoir cooled below design temperature?
A)Reduced engine efficiency and power output✓
B)Increased engine efficiency, constant power
C)Maximum power output, lower efficiency
D)No change to efficiency or power output
💡 Explanation
When the hot reservoir temperature decreases, the temperature gradient of affects the Carnot efficiency based on the equation since efficiency is 1 - (T_cold/T_hot), reducing ideal and actual power output. Therefore reduced efficiency and power occurs rather than unchanged efficiency, which requires constant temperature differential levels.
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