Which phenomenon causes deflected paths in fiber optics?

💡 Explanation

Light bends due to refraction because the core's composition variation causes the index gradient, therefore paths curve, focusing the light, rather than suffering loss or dispersion or impacting received signal qualities.

• Which loss mechanism most significantly reduces actual Otto cycle engine efficiency versus theoretical limit?
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• Which effect dominates when a closed Brayton cycle gas turbine operates with excessively high turbine inlet temperature?
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