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Which risk increases when a water-filled, sealed vessel undergoes rapid volume expansion?

A)Localized freezing in supercooled vapor
B)Uncontrolled exothermic chemical reaction
C)Compromised structural integrity overall stress
D)Increased heat transfer by conduction

💡 Explanation

Rapid expansion causes a pressure drop, leading to adiabatic cooling and potential *spinodal decomposition*, where water changes into vapor below triple point because it promotes nucleation in liquid phases rather than ice phases. Therefore localized freezing can cause supercooled vapors; rather than other events at normal pressure conditions.

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