If a patient with long-term type 2 diabetes develops resistance to insulin signaling in muscle cells, which consequence is most likely?

💡 Explanation

Insulin resistance reduces glucose uptake in muscle, leading to less glucose being stored as glycogen. Because of the reduced glucose uptake and utilization, the liver increases gluconeogenesis to maintain blood glucose levels; therefore, gluconeogenesis increases, rather than decreases, in the liver.

• Why does endurance performance decline sharply when ambient temperature rises above the thermoneutral zone during a marathon?
• A patient undergoing chemotherapy experiences peripheral neuropathy, leading to decreased tactile sensitivity. Which failure mode affecting mechanoreceptor signaling explains why the patient struggles to button their shirt?
• Which outcome occurs when beta-adrenergic receptors downregulate in cardiomyocytes?
• A woman experiences shortened luteal phase, with early menstruation occurring ten days after ovulation. Which mechanism explains this condition involving progesterone levels?
• If a patient with Hashimoto's thyroiditis takes excessive iodine supplements while also having a deiodinase enzyme deficiency, which consequence is most likely?
• If a patient presents with fatigue and pallor several weeks after starting a strict vegan diet, which mechanism explains why vitamin B12 deficiency can cause macrocytic anemia?